1861 $3 Indian Princes

6,072 three-dollar gold pieces were produced in 1861, the first year of the Civil War. Gold disappeared from circulation almost immediately as the public hoarded precious-metal coins. The three-dollar piece's already-limited commercial role vanished entirely. PCGS estimates roughly 50 to 75 survive. Most grade between Fine and EF. The coin marks the beginning of the wartime era when three-dollar gold pieces were produced for financial use, collector demand, and export. The Civil War began at Fort Sumter in April, and gold coins disappeared from circulation almost immediately. The coin's scarcity is well documented in numismatic references. Problem-free examples with honest wear and no damage carry premiums reflecting the limited supply available to collectors. Authentication and certification by PCGS or NGC are recommended for any example offered at a significant premium.